Components Of Food Worksheet

Objective Type Questions

1. Complete the table below by choosing the appropriate terms given in the brackets.
   (protective foods, sugarcane, body-building foods, nuts, energy-giving foods)
   
   
   
2. Solve the following crossword.
   (a) Disease which arises due to lack of nutrients in our diet. 
   (b) It occurs due to deficiency of calcium in the diet.
   (c) Condition due to protein-carbohydrate deficiency in children.
   (d) Caused due to deficiency of iodine in children.
   (e) A diet which can prevent deficiency diseases.
   
   
   
3. Match the terms in column A with appropriate terms in column B.
   
   
   
4. State whether the following statements are True or False.
   (a) The food which we eat during the whole day is called a balanced diet.
   (b) Eating too much of fat-rich foods is harmful for our health.
   (c) It is best to wash fruits and vegetables after cutting them.
   (d) Cooking improves the taste of food and makes it easier to digest.
   
   Multiple Choice Questions
   
   
5. Niharika wanted to test the presence of nutrients in banana. She took a piece of banana in a test tube and added 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution to it. The colour of the banana changed to blue-black. What can be concluded from this observation?
   (a) Presence of fats
   (b) Presence of vitamins
   (c) Presence of proteins
   (d) Presence of carbohydrates
   
   
6. A group of students conducted an experiment to study the amount of proteins in four different food items. They placed the paste of each item in different test tubes and added a few drops of copper sulphate and caustic soda solution to each of the test tubes. After shaking, the test tubes were allowed to stand for a few minutes. The appearance of violet colour indicated the presence of proteins. The observation from the experiment is as shown below.
   
   Based on the observations, which test tube has food item with maximum protein content?
   (a) Test tube 1
   (b) Test tube 2
   (c) Test tube 3
   (d) Test tube 4
   
   
7. A few drops of alkaline copper sulphate solution are added to milk taken in a test tube. The colour produced will be
   (a) Brown
   (b) Blue-black
   (c) Violet
   (d) Yellow
   
   
8. The table shows few food items which have been classified into two groups, 1 and 2, based on the type of nutrients they contain.
   
   Which other foods can be included in group 1 and group 2?
   (a) Group 1-Peas; Group 2-Sweet potato
   (b) Group 1-Groundnuts; Group 2-Fish
   (c) Group 1-Sweet potato; Group 2-Papaya
   (d) Group 1-Chicken; Group 2-Honey
   
   
9. Which of the following vitamins is not correctly matched to its sources and functions?
   
   

   	Vitamins	Sources	Functions
   (a)	Vitamin A	Carrots, Mangoes	Keeps our skin and eyes healthy
   (b)	Vitamin B	Cereals, Green vegetables	Assists in growth and repair of the body
   (c)	Vitamin C	Oranges, Lemons	Helps to fight against diseases
   (d)	Vitamin D	Fish, Eggs	Helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth

10. Why is it important to consume a diet with adequate amount of vitamins?
    (a) They provide energy to the body.
    (b) They protect the body against diseases.
    (c) They help in growth and repair of the body.
    (d) They help in eliminating wastes from the body.
    
    
11. Sujit consumes a diet rich in fats, carbohydrates, and proteins but fails to include adequate amounts of fluids. What will be the likely effect on his body if Sujit continues with the same diet?
    (a) The body will show rapid growth and development.
    (b) The body will eliminate all the nutrients from the body.
    (c) The body will reduce the output of sweat and urine.
    (d) The body will readily digest the consumed food.
    
    
12. Given below are some food items. Which of these can be included in a balanced diet?
    
    (a) Fruits, Milk
    (b) Cake, Fruits
    (c) Ice-cream, Chocolate
    (d) Cake, Ice-cream
    
    
13. Which of the following conditions will occur if a person eliminates the food items that are rich in Vitamin D from his diet?
    (a) Beri-beri
    (b) Goitre 
    (c) Scurvy 
    (d) Rickets
    
    
14. The image shows a common symptom of a nutrient deficiency. Deficiency of which nutrient is responsible for this bodily condition?
    
    (a) Iodine, it results in goitre
    (b) Iron, it results in anaemia
    (c) Vitamin C, it results in scurvy
    (d) Vitamin A, it results in pellagra
    
    Subjective Questions
    
    
15. Seema rubbed a small amount of substance X in the centre of a brown paper and held the paper in front of the bulb. She observed a bright, greasy or a translucent patch in the centre of the paper. 
    a) Name the component of food indicated by this test.
    b) Give two examples of food items which contain the above food component.
    c) Which of the following food items will not test positive for the above procedure? 
    (a) Papaya
    (b) Groundnuts
    (c) Butter
    (d) Soybean oil
    
    
16. A hard, boiled egg was taken and separated into two parts, A and B. These parts were then mashed separately, and water was added to obtain their suspensions. Both these suspensions were then tested with alkaline solution of copper sulphate. Suspension of part A was blue in colour while suspension of part B turned violet in colour.
    a) Which nutrient is present in part B which is absent in part A?
    b) What is the colour of part A and part B of the hard, boiled egg?
    c) Which nutrient could be present in part A which has not been tested?
    
    
17. ‘Though roughage has ‘no food value’ its presence is essential in our food’. Elaborate this statement.
    
    
18. Given below are few food items which form a part of Jagdish’s diet.
    
    a) Which of the given food items can be included in a balanced diet?
    (a) Samosa, Spinach, Jaggery, Cold drinks
    (b) Cold drinks, Soyabean, Poori, Banana
    (c) Banana, Soyabean, Spinach, Jaggery
    (d) Soyabean, Poori, Spinach, Jaggery
    
    b) Which of the given food items is a rich source of –
    i) proteins
    ii) iron
    
    c) Which of the given food items should not be eaten in excess? Why?
    
    
19. Give reasons:
    (a) Rice and pulses should not be washed repeatedly before cooking.
    (b) Thick peels should not be removed from fruits and vegetables.
    
    Case-Based Questions
    
    
20. Rani was having a difficulty in seeing things in dim light. The doctor tested her eyesight and prescribed a particular vitamin supplement. He also advised her to include a few food items in her diet.
    a) Which deficiency disease is Rani suffering from? 
    (a) Night blindness
    (b) Scurvy 
    (c) Beri-beri
    (d) Anaemia
    
    b) Which food component may be lacking in her diet?  
    (a) Vitamin E
    (b) Vitamin A
    (c) Vitamin C
    (d) Vitamin B
    
    c) Suggest any two food items that she should include in her diet. 
    
    
21. Rajesh looks pale, feels very weak and tires easily. His medical reports state that he suffers from a deficiency disease. His blood is deficient in a component X which carries oxygen in the body. 
    a) Which deficiency disease is Rajesh suffering from?
    (a) Night blindness
    (b) Scurvy 
    (c) Beri-beri
    (d) Anaemia
    
    b) Identify X in the given situation.
    
    c) Which mineral nutrient is necessary for the formation of X in the blood?
    
    d) Which of the following food items can increase the level of the above mineral nutrient in the body?
    (a) Spinach
    (b) Iodised salt
    (c) Banana
    (d) Rice
    
    Assertion-Reasoning Questions
    
    Below questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below: 
    
    
    
22. Assertion (A): Rice is a carbohydrate rich source of food.
    Reason (R): Rice contains more carbohydrates than other nutrients. 
    
    
23. Assertion (A): A balanced diet depends on the age and the occupation of the person.
    Reason (R): A growing child needs more proteins in his diet than a grown-up man.

Objective Type Questions

1. Complete the table below by choosing the appropriate terms given in the brackets.
   (protective foods, sugarcane, body-building foods, nuts, energy-giving foods)
   
   
   Solution:
   (a) Sugarcane
   (b) Body-building foods 
   (c) Nuts
   (d) Energy-giving foods
   (e) Protective foods
   
   
2. Solve the following crossword.
   (a) Disease which arises due to lack of nutrients in our diet. 
   (b) It occurs due to deficiency of calcium in the diet.
   (c) Condition due to protein-carbohydrate deficiency in children.
   (d) Caused due to deficiency of iodine in children.
   (e) A diet which can prevent deficiency diseases.
   
   
   Solution:
   (a) DEFICIENCY
   (b) RICKETS
   (c) MARASMUS
   (d) CRETINISM
   (e) BALANCED
   
   
   
3. Match the terms in column A with appropriate terms in column B.
   
   
   Solution:
   (a) Kwashiorkor – ii) Proteins
   (b) Anaemia – iv) Iron
   (c) Scurvy – i) Vitamin C
   (d) Beri-beri – iii) Vitamin B₁
   
   
4. State whether the following statements are True or False.
   (a) The food which we eat during the whole day is called a balanced diet.
   (b) Eating too much of fat-rich foods is harmful for our health.
   (c) It is best to wash fruits and vegetables after cutting them.
   (d) Cooking improves the taste of food and makes it easier to digest.
   
   (a) Correct Answer: False.
   Solution: The food which we eat during the whole day is called our diet. A diet which contains adequate amounts of all nutrients is called a balanced diet.
   (b) Correct Answer: True
   Solution: Eating too much of fat-rich foods is harmful for our health. It can lead to obesity.
   (c) Correct Answer: False
   Solution: Washing of fruits and vegetables after they have been peeled and cut, removes the water-soluble vitamins and minerals from them. This lowers their nutritive value.
   (d) Correct Answer: True
   Solution: Cooking improves the taste of food and makes it easier to digest.
   
   Multiple Choice Questions
   
   
5. Niharika wanted to test the presence of nutrients in banana. She took a piece of banana in a test tube and added 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution to it. The colour of the banana changed to blue-black. What can be concluded from this observation?
   (a) Presence of fats
   (b) Presence of vitamins
   (c) Presence of proteins
   (d) Presence of carbohydrates
   
   Correct Option: (d) Presence of carbohydrates
   Solution: The presence of starch (carbohydrates) in a food item can be tested by using dilute iodine solution. This test is based on the fact that iodine produces a blue-black colour on combination with starch.
   
   
6. A group of students conducted an experiment to study the amount of proteins in four different food items. They placed the paste of each item in different test tubes and added a few drops of copper sulphate and caustic soda solution to each of the test tubes. After shaking, the test tubes were allowed to stand for a few minutes. The appearance of violet colour indicated the presence of proteins. The observation from the experiment is as shown below.
   
   Based on the observations, which test tube has food item with maximum protein content?
   (a) Test tube 1
   (b) Test tube 2
   (c) Test tube 3
   (d) Test tube 4
   
   Correct Option: (d) Test tube 4
   Solution: The presence of proteins in a food item can be tested by using copper sulphate and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) solution. This test is based on the fact that proteins give a violet colour with an alkaline solution of copper sulphate. More the amount of proteins, darker is the colour of the solution. Test tube 4 is the darkest amongst all and hence, contains the maximum proteins.
   
   
7. A few drops of alkaline copper sulphate solution are added to milk taken in a test tube. The colour produced will be
   (a) Brown
   (b) Blue-black
   (c) Violet
   (d) Yellow
   
   Correct Option: (c) Violet
   Solution: Proteins give a violet colour when treated with an alkaline solution of copper sulphate. Milk is a rich source of proteins and hence, will turn violet in colour on reacting with alkaline copper sulphate.
   
   
8. The table shows few food items which have been classified into two groups, 1 and 2, based on the type of nutrients they contain.
   
   Which other foods can be included in group 1 and group 2?
   (a) Group 1-Peas; Group 2-Sweet potato
   (b) Group 1-Groundnuts; Group 2-Fish
   (c) Group 1-Sweet potato; Group 2-Papaya
   (d) Group 1-Chicken; Group 2-Honey
   
   Correct Option: (b) Group 1-Groundnuts; Group 2-Fish
   Solution: Butter, oil and egg yolk are rich in fats. Groundnuts also contain fats. Hence, groundnuts can be included in Group 1. Milk, cheese, and pulses are rich in proteins. Fishes are also rich sources of proteins. Hence, they can be included in Group 2.
   
   
9. Which of the following vitamins is not correctly matched to its sources and functions?
   
   

   	Vitamins	Sources	Functions
   (a)	Vitamin A	Carrots, Mangoes	Keeps our skin and eyes healthy
   (b)	Vitamin B	Cereals, Green vegetables	Assists in growth and repair of the body
   (c)	Vitamin C	Oranges, Lemons	Helps to fight against diseases
   (d)	Vitamin D	Fish, Eggs	Helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth

   
   Correct Option: (b)
   

   Vitamins	Sources	Functions
   Vitamin B	Cereals, Green vegetables	Assists in growth and repair of the body

   
   Solution: Vitamin B is essential for growth and proper functioning of the digestive system, heart, nerves, and muscles. It is present in good amounts in milk, eggs, meat, cereals, potatoes, yeast, and green vegetables.
   
   
10. Why is it important to consume a diet with adequate amount of vitamins?
    (a) They provide energy to the body.
    (b) They protect the body against diseases.
    (c) They help in growth and repair of the body.
    (d) They help in eliminating wastes from the body.
    
    Correct Option: (b) They protect the body against diseases.
    Solution: Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases. They also help in keeping our eyes, bones, teeth, and gums healthy.
    
    
11. Sujit consumes a diet rich in fats, carbohydrates, and proteins but fails to include adequate amounts of fluids. What will be the likely effect on his body if Sujit continues with the same diet?
    (a) The body will show rapid growth and development.
    (b) The body will eliminate all the nutrients from the body.
    (c) The body will reduce the output of sweat and urine.
    (d) The body will readily digest the consumed food.
    
    Correct Option: (c) The body will reduce the output of sweat and urine.
    Solution: Our body gets most of the water that our body needs by drinking fluids such as tea, coffee, and juice. Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food. It helps to control and regulate our body temperature It also eliminates some wastes from the body in the form of urine and sweat. In the absence of intake of fluids, water content in our body will be reduced and consequently, the output of sweat and urine will also be reduced.
    
    
12. Given below are some food items. Which of these can be included in a balanced diet?
    
    (a) Fruits, Milk
    (b) Cake, Fruits
    (c) Ice-cream, Chocolate
    (d) Cake, Ice-cream
    
    Correct Option: (a) Fruits, Milk
    Solution: A balanced diet includes cereals, pulses, milk, fruits, vegetables, ghee, fish, meat, water, etc. which provide us with carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and roughage. Cakes, pizzas, ice-creams, and chocolates are junk foods which do not form a part of the balanced diet.
    
    
13. Which of the following conditions will occur if a person eliminates the food items that are rich in Vitamin D from his diet?
    (a) Beri-beri
    (b) Goitre 
    (c) Scurvy 
    (d) Rickets
    
    Correct Option: (d) Rickets
    Solution: Deficiency of vitamin D in the diet causes a disease known as rickets. Beriberi occurs due to deficiency of vitamin B1. Goitre is caused due to deficiency of iodine in the diet. Scurvy occurs due to deficiency of vitamin C.
    
    
14. The image shows a common symptom of a nutrient deficiency. Deficiency of which nutrient is responsible for this bodily condition?
    
    (a) Iodine, it results in goitre
    (b) Iron, it results in anaemia
    (c) Vitamin C, it results in scurvy
    (d) Vitamin A, it results in pellagra
    
    Correct Option: (a) Iodine, it results in goitre
    Solution: Deficiency of iodine in the diet of an adult person causes a disease called goitre. Goitre is the abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland in our neck. The neck of a person appears to be swollen in goitre.
    
    Subjective Questions
    
    
15. Seema rubbed a small amount of substance X in the centre of a brown paper and held the paper in front of the bulb. She observed a bright, greasy or a translucent patch in the centre of the paper. 
    a) Name the component of food indicated by this test.
    b) Give two examples of food items which contain the above food component.
    c) Which of the following food items will not test positive for the above procedure? 
    (a) Papaya
    (b) Groundnuts
    (c) Butter
    (d) Soybean oil
    
    Solution:
    a) Fats
    b) Food items which contain fats: (Any two)
    1. Groundnuts
    2. Butter
    3. Oil
    4. Til
    c) Correct Option: (a) Papaya
    Solution: Papaya is a rich source of carbohydrates and vitamins. It does not contain fats. Hence, it will not give a positive test when tested for the presence of fats.
    
    
16. A hard, boiled egg was taken and separated into two parts, A and B. These parts were then mashed separately, and water was added to obtain their suspensions. Both these suspensions were then tested with alkaline solution of copper sulphate. Suspension of part A was blue in colour while suspension of part B turned violet in colour.
    a) Which nutrient is present in part B which is absent in part A?
    b) What is the colour of part A and part B of the hard, boiled egg?
    c) Which nutrient could be present in part A which has not been tested?
    
    Solution:
    (a) Proteins
    (b) Part A – White; Part B – Yellow
    (c) Fats
    
    
17. ‘Though roughage has ‘no food value’ its presence is essential in our food’. Elaborate this statement.
    
    Solution:
    Roughage is essential for the normal working of the digestive system. It provides bulk to the food, keeps the food and waste matter moving along the intestines and helps to prevent constipation. Hence, though roughage has ‘no food value’ its presence is essential in our food.
    
    
18. Given below are few food items which form a part of Jagdish’s diet.
    
    a) Which of the given food items can be included in a balanced diet?
    (a) Samosa, Spinach, Jaggery, Cold drinks
    (b) Cold drinks, Soyabean, Poori, Banana
    (c) Banana, Soyabean, Spinach, Jaggery
    (d) Soyabean, Poori, Spinach, Jaggery
    
    b) Which of the given food items is a rich source of –
    i) proteins
    ii) iron
    
    c) Which of the given food items should not be eaten in excess? Why?
    
    a) Correct option: (c) Banana, Soyabean, Spinach, Jaggery
    Solution: Banana is rich in minerals, soyabean is rich in proteins, spinach is rich in iron while jaggery is rich in carbohydrates. Hence, they can form a part of our balanced diet. Poori, samosa and cold drinks are junk food items which are not good for our health.
    b)
    i) Proteins – Soyabean
    ii) Iron - Spinach
    c) Poori, samosa and cold drinks are junk food items which should not be eaten in excess. Eating too much of fat-rich fried foods is harmful for our health. It can lead to a disease called obesity.
    
    
19. Give reasons:
    (a) Rice and pulses should not be washed repeatedly before cooking.
    (b) Thick peels should not be removed from fruits and vegetables.
    
    Solution:
    (a) Repeated washing of food materials is harmful because it leads to loss of nutrients. Repeated washing of rice and pulses removes the water-soluble vitamins and some minerals from them and hence lowers their nutritive value.
    (b) The skin of most fruits and vegetables contains vitamins and minerals. Removal of thick peels from fruits and vegetables leads to loss of vitamins and minerals. To avoid this, the peels should be removed as thin as possible to prevent the major loss of nutrients.
    
    Case-Based Questions
    
    
20. Rani was having a difficulty in seeing things in dim light. The doctor tested her eyesight and prescribed a particular vitamin supplement. He also advised her to include a few food items in her diet.
    
    a) Which deficiency disease is Rani suffering from? 
    (a) Night blindness
    (b) Scurvy 
    (c) Beri-beri
    (d) Anaemia
    
    b) Which food component may be lacking in her diet?  
    (a) Vitamin E
    (b) Vitamin A
    (c) Vitamin C
    (d) Vitamin B
    
    c) Suggest any two food items that she should include in her diet. 
    
    a) Correct option: (a) Night blindness
    Solution: Deficiency of vitamin A weakens our vision in dim light. As a result, a person is unable to see properly in dim light. This disorder is called night blindness.
    b) Correct option: (b) Vitamin A
    Solution: Inability to see properly in dim light (nigh blindness) occurs due to the deficiency of vitamin A in our diet.
    c) Food items such as mangoes, papayas, carrots, can be included in the diet.
    
    
21. Rajesh looks pale, feels very weak and tires easily. His medical reports state that he suffers from a deficiency disease. His blood is deficient in a component X which carries oxygen in the body. 
    
    a) Which deficiency disease is Rajesh suffering from?
    (a) Night blindness
    (b) Scurvy 
    (c) Beri-beri
    (d) Anaemia
    
    b) Identify X in the given situation.
    
    c) Which mineral nutrient is necessary for the formation of X in the blood?
    
    d) Which of the following food items can increase the level of the above mineral nutrient in the body?
    (a) Spinach
    (b) Iodised salt
    (c) Banana
    (d) Rice
    
    a) Correct option: (d) Anaemia
    Solution: Anaemia occurs due to deficiency of iron in the diet. In anaemia, the person looks pale, feels very weak, tires easily and loses weight.
    b) X is haemoglobin. The function of haemoglobin is to carry oxygen in the body.
    c) Iron mineral is necessary for the formation of haemoglobin present in our red blood cells.
    d) Correct option: (a) Spinach
    Solution: Spinach is a rich source of iron. Hence, eating spinach can increase the levels of iron in the body.
    
    Assertion-Reasoning Questions
    
    Below questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below: 
    
    
    
22. Assertion (A): Rice is a carbohydrate rich source of food.
    Reason (R): Rice contains more carbohydrates than other nutrients. 
    
    Correct Option: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
    Solution: Most of the food materials usually contain more than one nutrient. However, in a given food material, one particular nutrient may be in much larger quantity than the other nutrients. Since rice contains much more carbohydrates than fats and proteins, it is said to be a carbohydrate-rich food.
    
    
23. Assertion (A): A balanced diet depends on the age and the occupation of the person.
    Reason (R): A growing child needs more proteins in his diet than a grown-up man.
    
    Correct Option: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
    Solution: A balanced diet depends on the age and the occupation of the person. A growing child needs more proteins in his diet than a grown-up man. This extra protein is needed to make the body tissues of the fast-growing child. A labourer needs more carbohydrates in his diet than a person having a desk job since extra energy is required to do hard, physical work.