Respiration in Organisms Worksheet

Objective Type Questions

1. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
   (a) ……………. means taking in air rich in oxygen and giving out air rich in carbon dioxide with the help of respiratory organs.
   (b) The number of times a person breathes in a minute is termed as the …………….
   (c) A ……………. means one inhalation plus one exhalation.
   
   
2. Find the correlation.
   Elephant : Lungs :: Mango tree : …………………
    
3. The diagram below shows the human respiratory system. Label the parts A, B, C and D correctly choosing the appropriate terms from those given in the brackets.
   (lungs, diaphragm, ribs, pharynx, nostrils, trachea, bronchi)
   
   
   
4. The statements given below are incorrect. Rewrite the correct statements by changing the underlined words of the statement.
   (a) A large, muscular sheet called ribcage forms the floor of the chest cavity.
   (b) Breathing should be avoided as it damages the lungs and can cause cancer.
   (c) Smoking expels foreign particles from the inhaled air to allow dust-free, clean air to enter our body.
   (d) The air we inhale, passes through the nostrils into the buccal cavity.
   
   
5. Match the terms in column A with appropriate terms in column B.
   
   
   Multiple Choice Questions
   
   
6. Cells require energy to perform various functions like digestion, excretion, reproduction, and transport. From where do cells obtain this energy?
   (a) Stored energy in the water which releases during nutrition
   (b) Stored energy in the food which releases during respiration
   (c) Stored energy in the body which releases during reproduction
   (d) Stored energy in the blood which releases during transportation
   
   
7. The below chart lists some human activities. 
   
   
   riti believed that out of these activities, sleeping is the only activity in which cells do not need energy. Is Priti’s belief, correct?
   (a) No, the cells require energy for all activities of the body.
   (b) Yes, while sleeping, all the body cells are at rest, so energy is not required.
   (c) No, reading is another activity in which energy is not needed by the cells.
   (d) Yes, sleeping is the activity in which energy is not used but is released inside the body.
   
   
8. A researcher worked on two types of microbial cells, which were placed in two different culture plates, A and B. The table below shows the impact on cells when cultured in the absence of oxygen.
   
   What type of microbes are likely to have been grown in culture plates A and B?
   (a) A - Aerobes; B - Aerobes
   (b) A - Anaerobes; B - Aerobes
   (c) A - Aerobes; B - Anaerobes
   (d) A - Anaerobes; B - Anaerobes
   
   
9. Given below are two reactions which occurs in two different organisms, A and B.
   
   
   Which of the following is the best choice with respect to the above equations?
   (a) A – Aerobic respiration; occurs in man
   (b) A - Anaerobic respiration; occurs in yeast
   (c) B - Anaerobic respiration; occurs in man
   (d) B - Aerobic respiration; occurs in yeast
   
   
10. Soham exercised vigorously for three hours. After some time, he began to experience muscle cramps. Which of the following explains the situation correctly?
    (a) Temporary deficiency of oxygen in the muscle cells
    (b) Permanent deficiency of oxygen in the muscle cells
    (c) Temporary deficiency of carbon dioxide in the muscle cells
    (d) Permanent deficiency of carbons oxide in the muscle cells
    
    
11. Ranjan recorded his breathing rate at rest. After playing football for 15 minutes, he again measured his breathing rate and tabulated his observations as shown below:
    
    What could be the reason for this change in breathing rate?
    (a) To fulfil the increased demand for water by the body
    (b) To fulfil the increased demand for oxygen by the body
    (c) To fulfil the decreased demand for oxygen by the body
    (d) To fulfil the increased demand for carbon dioxide by the body
    
    
12. Four different activities were performed by four students for a period of 10 minutes as shown below.
    
    The breathing rate of all these students was measured as soon as they finished their activities. Which student will have the highest breathing rate?
    (a) Isha
    (b) Sujoy
    (c) Aryan
    (d) Neha
    
    
13. The given image shows a girl taking in fresh air early in the morning.
    
    
    Which terminology would be the most appropriate for defining the act of taking in air inside the body?
    (a) Respiration
    (b) Exhalation
    (c) Inhalation
    (d) Breathing
    
    
14. While explaining the process of inhalation, a teacher asked her students to observe the expansion of their chest. The teacher explained that this happens because of the movement of the ribs and the diaphragm. Which of the following movements are likely to occur in the ribs and the diaphragm during inhalation?
    
    
    
15. People use different methods such as trimming and waxing to get rid of nose hairs. However, some health specialists are against the idea of removing nose hair. What is the likely concern regarding the removal of nose hairs?
    (a) It may affect the sensitivity of the nose for odour.
    (b) The amount of oxygen inhaled will be affected.
    (c) Germs and foreign particles will get entry inside the body easily.
    (d) It may lead to the production of mucous in excessive amounts inside the nose.
    
    
16. Apurva observed a slide of the epidermal layer of a leaf. It contained the structures that help the plant to respire. What structures might have been observed by Apurva in the slide?
    (a) Gills
    (b) Lungs
    (c) Stomata
    (d) Trachea
    
    
17. The diagram below shows a structure ‘X’ embedded in between the soil particles. It is responsible for taking in oxygen from the air spaces.
    
    Latika observed the diagram and concluded that the diagram depicts the process of respiration in plants. Is the claim made by Latika, correct?
    (a) Yes, X is stomata, which helps the plant to take in oxygen from the soil.
    (b) Yes, X is root hair, which helps the plant to take in oxygen from the soil.
    (c) No; X is tracheae, which helps the earthworms to take in oxygen from the soil.
    (d) No; X is spiracle, which helps the cockroaches to take in oxygen from the soil.
    
    Subjective Questions
    
    
18. Prerna had participated in the cycling competition in her school. After continuous cycling, when she returned home, she experienced severe muscle cramps in her legs. Her mother advised her to take a hot water bath. How will this relieve Prerna’s condition?
    
    
19. Why does an athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual even after finishing the race?
    
    
20. Name the type of respiration in which the end products are -
    (a) alcohol and carbon dioxide
    (b) carbon dioxide and water
    (c) lactic acid
     
21. When Satish blew air into a test tube containing lime water, the solution turned milky. 
    
    
    (a) What is the likely source of carbon dioxide in this activity?
    (b) Why did the lime water turn milky?
    
    
22. Why do frogs have a moist and slippery skin?
    
    Case-Based Questions
    
    
23. All living organisms require energy for performing various activities and maintaining their life. This energy is obtained from the food we eat. The food has stored energy which is released slowly as and when our body requires it.
    a) The breakdown of food takes place inside the cell. This process releases a lot of energy which is used by the cell for performing various activities. Which life process helps the cell to perform this function?
    (a) Reproduction
    (b) Transportation
    (c) Cellular respiration
    (d) Excretion
    
    b) The process of respiration is said to be the reverse of ……………………….
    
    c) List two points of differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
    
    Assertion-Reasoning Questions
    
    Below questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
    
    
    
    
24. Assertion (A): One should do pranayama every day.
    Reason (R): It releases more energy in the body.
    
    
25. Assertion (A): Insects have a network of air tubes called tracheae for gas exchange.
    Reason (R): Tracheae are found only in insects and not in any other group of animals.

Objective Type Questions

1. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
   (a) ……………. means taking in air rich in oxygen and giving out air rich in carbon dioxide with the help of respiratory organs.
   (b) The number of times a person breathes in a minute is termed as the …………….
   (c) A ……………. means one inhalation plus one exhalation.
   Solution:
   (a) breathing
   (b) breathing rate
   (c) breath
   
   
2. Find the correlation.
   Elephant : Lungs :: Mango tree : …………………
   Solution:
   Elephant : Lungs :: Mango tree : Stomata
    
3. The diagram below shows the human respiratory system. Label the parts A, B, C and D correctly choosing the appropriate terms from those given in the brackets.
   (lungs, diaphragm, ribs, pharynx, nostrils, trachea, bronchi)
   
   Solution:
   A – Pharynx; B – Trachea; C – Lungs; D - Diaphragm
   
   
4. The statements given below are incorrect. Rewrite the correct statements by changing the underlined words of the statement.
   (a) A large, muscular sheet called ribcage forms the floor of the chest cavity.
   (b) Breathing should be avoided as it damages the lungs and can cause cancer.
   (c) Smoking expels foreign particles from the inhaled air to allow dust-free, clean air to enter our body.
   (d) The air we inhale, passes through the nostrils into the buccal cavity.
   Solution:
   (a) A large, muscular sheet called diaphragm forms the floor of the chest cavity.
   (b) Smoking should be avoided as it damages the lungs and can cause cancer.
   (c) Sneezing expels foreign particles from the inhaled air to allow dust-free, clean air to enter our body.
   (d) The air we inhale, passes through the nostrils into the nasal cavity.
   
   
5. Match the terms in column A with appropriate terms in column B.
   
   Solution:
   (a) Fish – ii) Gills
   (b) Frog – iv) Lungs
   (c) Cockroach – iii) Spiracles
   (d) Earthworm – i) Skin
   
   Multiple Choice Questions
   
   
6. Cells require energy to perform various functions like digestion, excretion, reproduction, and transport. From where do cells obtain this energy?
   (a) Stored energy in the water which releases during nutrition
   (b) Stored energy in the food which releases during respiration
   (c) Stored energy in the body which releases during reproduction
   (d) Stored energy in the blood which releases during transportation
   Correct Option: (b) Stored energy in the food which releases during respiration 
   Solution: The food has stored energy. The stored energy of the food is released slowly during the process of respiration which takes place inside our body all the time. Cells use this energy to perform various functions.
   
   
7. The below chart lists some human activities. 
   
   
   riti believed that out of these activities, sleeping is the only activity in which cells do not need energy. Is Priti’s belief, correct?
   (a) No, the cells require energy for all activities of the body.
   (b) Yes, while sleeping, all the body cells are at rest, so energy is not required.
   (c) No, reading is another activity in which energy is not needed by the cells.
   (d) Yes, sleeping is the activity in which energy is not used but is released inside the body.
   Correct Option: (a) No, the cells require energy for all activities of the body.
   Solution: Cells require energy to perform all activities of the body which help to maintain life.
   
   
8. A researcher worked on two types of microbial cells, which were placed in two different culture plates, A and B. The table below shows the impact on cells when cultured in the absence of oxygen.
   
   What type of microbes are likely to have been grown in culture plates A and B?
   (a) A - Aerobes; B - Aerobes
   (b) A - Anaerobes; B - Aerobes
   (c) A - Aerobes; B - Anaerobes
   (d) A - Anaerobes; B - Anaerobes
   Correct Option: (c) A - Aerobes; B - Anaerobes
   Solution: Microbes in culture plate A must be aerobes as the cells die in the absence of oxygen. Aerobes can survive only in the presence of oxygen. Microbes in culture plate B must be anaerobes as the cells continue to grow even in the absence of oxygen.
   
   
9. Given below are two reactions which occurs in two different organisms, A and B.
   
   
   Which of the following is the best choice with respect to the above equations?
   (a) A – Aerobic respiration; occurs in man
   (b) A - Anaerobic respiration; occurs in yeast
   (c) B - Anaerobic respiration; occurs in man
   (d) B - Aerobic respiration; occurs in yeast
   Correct Option: (b) A - Anaerobic respiration; occurs in yeast
   Solution: A is anaerobic respiration which occurs in the absence of oxygen and produces alcohol. It takes place in yeast. B is aerobic respiration which occurs in the presence of oxygen and produces carbon dioxide. It takes place in most of the living organisms including man, dog, cat, lion, elephant, etc.
   
   
10. Soham exercised vigorously for three hours. After some time, he began to experience muscle cramps. Which of the following explains the situation correctly?
    (a) Temporary deficiency of oxygen in the muscle cells
    (b) Permanent deficiency of oxygen in the muscle cells
    (c) Temporary deficiency of carbon dioxide in the muscle cells
    (d) Permanent deficiency of carbons oxide in the muscle cells
    Correct Option: (a) Temporary deficiency of oxygen in the muscle cells
    Solution: During heavy exercise, the demand for energy is high but the supply of oxygen to produce the energy is limited. This creates a temporary deficiency of oxygen in the muscle cells. As a result, the muscle cells respire anaerobically.
    
    
11. Ranjan recorded his breathing rate at rest. After playing football for 15 minutes, he again measured his breathing rate and tabulated his observations as shown below:
    
    What could be the reason for this change in breathing rate?
    (a) To fulfil the increased demand for water by the body
    (b) To fulfil the increased demand for oxygen by the body
    (c) To fulfil the decreased demand for oxygen by the body
    (d) To fulfil the increased demand for carbon dioxide by the body
    Correct Option: (b) To fulfil the increased demand for oxygen by the body
    Solution: Whenever a person needs extra energy, he breathes faster, i.e., his breathing rate increases. As a result, more oxygen is supplied to our cells. It speeds up the breakdown of food and more energy is released.
    
    
12. Four different activities were performed by four students for a period of 10 minutes as shown below.
    
    The breathing rate of all these students was measured as soon as they finished their activities. Which student will have the highest breathing rate?
    (a) Isha
    (b) Sujoy
    (c) Aryan
    (d) Neha
    Correct Option: (c) Aryan
    Solution: As compared to all the given activities, running requires more energy. A person who needs more energy will have the highest breathing rate. Hence, Aryan will have the highest breathing rate.
    
    
13. The given image shows a girl taking in fresh air early in the morning.
    
    
    Which terminology would be the most appropriate for defining the act of taking in air inside the body?
    (a) Respiration
    (b) Exhalation
    (c) Inhalation
    (d) Breathing
    Correct Option: (c) Inhalation
    Solution: The act of taking in air rich in oxygen into the body is called inhalation.
    
    
14. While explaining the process of inhalation, a teacher asked her students to observe the expansion of their chest. The teacher explained that this happens because of the movement of the ribs and the diaphragm. Which of the following movements are likely to occur in the ribs and the diaphragm during inhalation?
    
    Correct Option: (b) 
    
    Solution: During inhalation, the ribs move up and outwards and the diaphragm moves down. This movement increases the space in our chest cavity and the air rushes into the lungs. The lungs get filled with air.
    
    
15. People use different methods such as trimming and waxing to get rid of nose hairs. However, some health specialists are against the idea of removing nose hair. What is the likely concern regarding the removal of nose hairs?
    (a) It may affect the sensitivity of the nose for odour.
    (b) The amount of oxygen inhaled will be affected.
    (c) Germs and foreign particles will get entry inside the body easily.
    (d) It may lead to the production of mucous in excessive amounts inside the nose.
    Correct Option: (c) Germs and foreign particles will get entry inside the body easily
    Solution: The hairs present in the nose trap the germs and unwanted particles such as dust, smoke and pollen present in the air and prevent them from entering inside our body. If the nose hairs are removed, germs and foreign particles can easily enter inside our body.
    
    
16. Apurva observed a slide of the epidermal layer of a leaf. It contained the structures that help the plant to respire. What structures might have been observed by Apurva in the slide?
    (a) Gills
    (b) Lungs
    (c) Stomata
    (d) Trachea
    Correct Option: (c) Stomata
    Solution: The leaves of the plants have tiny pores called stomata for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
    
    
17. The diagram below shows a structure ‘X’ embedded in between the soil particles. It is responsible for taking in oxygen from the air spaces.
    
    Latika observed the diagram and concluded that the diagram depicts the process of respiration in plants. Is the claim made by Latika, correct?
    (a) Yes, X is stomata, which helps the plant to take in oxygen from the soil.
    (b) Yes, X is root hair, which helps the plant to take in oxygen from the soil.
    (c) No; X is tracheae, which helps the earthworms to take in oxygen from the soil.
    (d) No; X is spiracle, which helps the cockroaches to take in oxygen from the soil.
    Correct Option: (b) Yes; X is root hair, which helps the plant to take in oxygen from the soil
    Solution: Respiration in roots occurs with the help of root hair. These structures take up air from the air spaces present between the soil particles.
    
    Subjective Questions
    
    
18. Prerna had participated in the cycling competition in her school. After continuous cycling, when she returned home, she experienced severe muscle cramps in her legs. Her mother advised her to take a hot water bath. How will this relieve Prerna’s condition?
    Solution: Muscle cramps occur when the muscle cells respire anaerobically. The partial breakdown of glucose produces lactic acid. Accumulation of lactic acid causes muscle cramps. We get relief from cramps after a hot water bath or a massage. Hot water bath improves circulation of blood. As a result, the supply of oxygen to the muscle cells increases. The increase in the supply of oxygen results in the complete breakdown of lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water.
    
    
19. Why does an athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual even after finishing the race?
    Solution: During the run, the demand for energy is high but the supply of oxygen to produce energy is limited. Therefore, anaerobic respiration takes places in the muscles cells to fulfil the increased demand for energy. An athlete needs to supply extra energy to his muscle cells which have worked hard during running. Hence, even after finishing the race, an athlete breathes faster and deeper than usual so that more oxygen is supplied to the cells.
    
    
20. Name the type of respiration in which the end products are -
    (a) alcohol and carbon dioxide
    (b) carbon dioxide and water
    (c) lactic acid
    Solution:
    (a) Anaerobic respiration (alcoholic fermentation)
    (b) Aerobic respiration
    (c) Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells (lactic acid fermentation)
     
21. When Satish blew air into a test tube containing lime water, the solution turned milky. 
    
    
    (a) What is the likely source of carbon dioxide in this activity?
    Solution: The likely source of carbon dioxide in this activity is the exhaled air as it contains around 4.4% carbon dioxide.
    
    (b) Why did the lime water turn milky?
    Solution: Lime water is calcium hydroxide solution. When carbon dioxide reacts with calcium hydroxide, it produces a white precipitate of calcium carbonate which turns the lime water milky.
    
    
22. Why do frogs have a moist and slippery skin?
    Solution: Frogs not only breathe through their lungs but also through their skin. In order to absorb oxygen from the surrounding air, their skin must stay wet. Hence, frogs secrete mucous to keep their skin wet. This makes their skin moist and slippery and allows easy exchange of gases through the skin.
    
    Case-Based Questions
    
    
23. All living organisms require energy for performing various activities and maintaining their life. This energy is obtained from the food we eat. The food has stored energy which is released slowly as and when our body requires it.
    a) The breakdown of food takes place inside the cell. This process releases a lot of energy which is used by the cell for performing various activities. Which life process helps the cell to perform this function?
    (a) Reproduction
    (b) Transportation
    (c) Cellular respiration
    (d) Excretion
    Correct option: (c) Cellular respiration
    Solution: The process of breakdown of food in the cell with the release of energy is called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration takes place in the cells of all living organisms.
    
    b) The process of respiration is said to be the reverse of ……………………….
    Correct answer: photosynthesis
    Solution: Photosynthesis involves the synthesis of food (glucose) by absorbing light energy whereas respiration is the breakdown of food (glucose) to release energy.
    
    c) List two points of differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
    Solution:
    
    
    Assertion-Reasoning Questions
    
    Below questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
    
    
    
    
24. Assertion (A): One should do pranayama every day.
    Reason (R): It releases more energy in the body.
    Correct Option: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
    Solution: Regular traditional breathing exercise (pranayama) can increase the capacity of the lungs to take in more air. Thus, more oxygen can be supplied to the body cells resulting in the release of more energy.
    
    
25. Assertion (A): Insects have a network of air tubes called tracheae for gas exchange.
    Reason (R): Tracheae are found only in insects and not in any other group of animals.
    Correct Option: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
    Solution: Insects have a network of air tubes called tracheae for gas exchange. Oxygen rich air rushes through the spiracles into the tracheal tubes, diffuses into the body tissues, and reaches every cell of the body. Similarly, carbon dioxide from the cells goes into the tracheal tubes and moves out through the spiracles. These air tubes or tracheae are found only in insects and not in any other group of animals.